This site explains how Social Security, Medicare, and retirement accounts work as systems. It is not financial, tax, or legal advice, and it does not tell you what to do with your own retirement. For official guidance, see the Social Security Administration and Medicare.gov. What this is.

Retirement Income & Taxes

Retirement Income & Taxes

All Retirement Income & Taxes articles from Retirement Plainly.

Latest Articles

Income & Taxes 6 min read

Withheld Social Security Benefits Restored After FRA

Social Security benefits withheld under the earnings test before full retirement age are not lost — SSA recalculates ...

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Income & Taxes 6 min read

Roth IRA Basis Shifts After Conversion Recharacterized

Recharacterizing a Roth conversion reverses the original tax event and removes the converted amount from Roth basis, ...

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Income & Taxes 6 min read

Roth IRA Five-Year Rules and Qualified Distributions

Two separate five-year clocks govern whether Roth IRA earnings and converted balances can be distributed tax- and pen...

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Income & Taxes 6 min read

Roth IRA Ordering Rules: Which Dollars Are Taxed

Roth IRA ordering rules set a fixed sequence — contributions first, then conversions, then earnings — that determines...

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Income & Taxes 6 min read

Are Pensions Taxed as Ordinary Income?

Pension distributions are taxed as ordinary income at the federal level; the rate depends on the retiree's total taxa...

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Income & Taxes 6 min read

IRA Aggregation Rules and RMD Calculations

IRA aggregation rules require the IRS to treat multiple traditional IRAs as one pool when computing required minimum ...

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Income & Taxes 6 min read

Roth IRA Qualified Distribution Rules

Roth IRA qualified distributions require both a five-year holding period and a triggering event; meeting only one con...

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Income & Taxes 6 min read

How Social Security Benefits Actually Get Taxed

The provisional income formula determines how much of a Social Security benefit is subject to federal income tax, wit...

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Income & Taxes 6 min read

Roth Conversion Taxation at Distribution

Roth conversion taxation at distribution depends on a two-part ordering rule: contributions come out first, then conv...

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Income & Taxes 6 min read

Capital Gains Tax on Retirement Investments

Capital gains tax rates on retirement investments depend on account type, holding period, and taxable income — not si...

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Income & Taxes 6 min read

How State Taxation of Retirement Income Varies

State income tax treatment of Social Security, pensions, and retirement account withdrawals differs sharply by state,...

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Income & Taxes 6 min read

Retirement Account Withdrawals Taxed by Account Type

Retirement account withdrawals are taxed differently depending on account type — Traditional, Roth, or after-tax — an...

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Income Taxes 6 min read

Provisional Income and Social Security Taxation

The provisional income formula sets how much of a Social Security benefit is subject to federal income tax, using a two-tier threshold structure.

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